Name: Zeng Xiangming    Student ID：s07307  
Research paper supervisor:Dr.Seku Conde
Minzu University of China
2007-2008 Academic Year
 
 Abstract
   Since reform and opening-up, the rural productivity has got great liberation.With the promotion, improvement of agricultural science & technology and agricultural policy in recent years, 'Three Rural' Issues has got better settlement. Agriculture is more modernized, the countryside is more harmonious and peasants are richer .But we also see that the current agricultural situation of some areas in recent years are geting worse and worse. Whether peasants increase production or not, their income donot become more. And green agriculture faces the crisis,the depressed tendency appears in some countrysides. For these reasons, we need to further open up and revitalize, regard government as backing, regard market as direction,develop green agriculture, scientific and technological agriculture, foster modern peasants, make the agricultural brand, and build the harmonious new countryside.
 
Introduction
   As we all known,since 2008,the international supply of agricultural product has presented scarcely.Worse still,recently it has erupted the worldwide grain crisis, many countries already fall into panicand facing with threat of hunger huge.[①]It endangers social stability and the world peace development.The importance of agriculture can be inferred from this.Regarding our country as the greatest world population nation, the agriculture is our foundation and the grain in the foundation of foundation[②], we should maintain and promote the agricultural development conformedly and vigorously.
1. The importance of agriculture and our key attention to agriculture
    Civilization began with agriculture. When our nomadic ancestors began to settle and grow their own food, human society was forever changed. Not only did villages, towns and cities begin to flourish, but also did knowledge, the arts and the technological sciences.
And for most of history, society's connection to the land was intimate.Human communities, no matter how sophisticated, could not ignore the importance of agriculture. To be far from dependable sources of food was to risk malnutrition and starvation. In modern times, however, many in the urban world have forgotten this fundamental connection. Insulated by the apparent abundance of food that has come from new technologies for the growing, transportation and storage of food,
humanity's fundamental dependence on agriculture is often overlooked.
But this grain crisis tells us, the agriculture must be strengthened rather than weakened.
    In fact,our country always does so , and the government takes the agriculture extremely.In recent years along with our country strength enhancement, the value obtained the enormous performance to the agricultural policy.It furthers agricultural development, enhances farmer's income, and promotes the city and countryside harmony.For example, on December 29, 2005, ten session of Standing Committee of the National People's Congress 19th conference high ticket through the decision that from January 1, 2006 abolishes "Agricultural tax Rule", cancel besides the leaf tobacco the agricultural special product tax, exempts the animal husbandry tax completely, “the imperial grain national tax” that China continues for more than 2600 years to enter the history museum[③].
   After 2006, cancelling the agricultural tax comprehensively, compared with countryside before 1999, the Chinese farmers will alleviate burdens the total amount to surpass 100,000,000,000 Yuan every year, average per person alleviate burdens about 120 Yuan[④].Cancelling the agricultural tax indicate comprehensively that China is reducing the farmer to bear, implements the industry to return nurturing agriculture,and the city supports the countryside aspect to obtain the important breakthrough.
2.  Current situation of agricultural development
    Good overall agricultural state ,including the increasing output，development in agricultural science and technology and so on
    In 2006 whole year the grain sown area 105,380,000 hectares, increased 1,100,000 hectares compared to the last year; The cotton sown area 5,400,000 hectares, increased 340,000 hectares; The sugar sown area 1,780,000 hectares, increased 220,000 hectares; The vegetables sown area 18,180,000 hectares, increased 460,000 hectares.And from the chart 1,we can see that generally the grain output are growing year after year.In 2002,it is 45706 ten thousand tens ,and in 2006 it reachs 49746 ten thousand tens.(datas from the Ministry of Agriculture of China)
The total output of meat of the whole year is 81 million tons, increased by 4.6% compared with that of last year. Among them, the pig, ox, mutton increase by 4.3%, 5.3% and 7.8% respectively. The output of aquatic products is 52,500,000 tons in the whole year, increased by 2.8%. Timber output is 78 million cubic meters in the whole year, increased by 40.3% compared with that of last year. （datas from Ministry of  Agriculture of the People's Republic of China[⑤]，2007-10-26 14:11）
 Chart 1:grain output growth year after year
（Resourse：Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China，2007）
   Optimized agricultural structure and better agricultural industrial production management.
    1) Much optimized agricultural planter structure
Goes out while the grain production which paces back and forth, the planter structure also obtains the optimization, the cotton and kapok, the oil, the sugar, the smoke, the fruit, the vegetables and so on the industrial crop production obtains develops quickly, the main agricultural product speeds up to the superiority region centralism step, the agricultural product
superior electron particle materialization level further enhances.From the table 2,we can see something about it,too.
Table 2:per capital income of cottar's family[⑥]

(1)Cotton production
During the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, domestic textile industry resulting to the cotton demand is exuberant, the market price enhances, the farmer grows cotton with higher enthusiasm, so the cotton sown area expands continuously and the cotton output continues to enhance.
   In 2004, the cotton output achieve 6,320,000 tons and  create the history to be highest.It is 27,120,000 tons to add up to the cotton output during the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, increasing by 5,570,000 tons compared with " the Ninth Five-Year Plan " period, increasing by 25.8%. [⑦]
   (2)Oil production
   The output reached 30,660,000 tons and 30,780,000 tons respectively in 2004 and 2005. During the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, it is 147,170,000 tons to add up to the oil output, increased by 24,790,000 tons compared with " the Ninth Five-Year Plan " period, increased by 20.3%.
   (3)The vegetables & fruit production
   During the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, our country vegetables, fruit develop steadily on the basis that the variety is optimized. In 2005, the output of vegetables is up to 562,844,000 tons, compared with 2002, increased by 6.4%; During the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the fruit total output in the garden is up to 295,560,000 tons totally, increased by 18,980,000 tons compared with " the Ninth Five-Year Plan " period, increasing by 6.9%[⑧].
　　2) Fast growing animal husbandry——one of the important pillar in agriculture
　 During the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the animal husbandry of our country kept higher development speed, the meat output is increased progressively by 4.7% every year, the milk output is increased progressively by 25.1% every year. Our country meat, egg total output rank world the first place already, feeding become world second big producing country.
(1)The output of the livestock produce increases very fast. During the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the animal husbandry of our country is fast growing, the output value of animal husbandry will be about more than 1,300 billion yuan in 2005 (calculate according to the price of that year),increasing 15,900,000 than 2000, increasing 40.1% and increasing progressively 4.7% year on average. Among them the pork output is up to more than 61 million tons, take more than 45% of the pork total output in the world.[⑨]
(2)It had already embryonic forms for the first time that the improved variety beeded the system. Up to 9114 in the national breeding
    stock's poultry farm at present, all kinds of nearly 2000 state-run breeding stock's poultry farms above county level among them, 83 national-level key breeding stock's poultry farms. The domestic animal beeds and improves standing and reaches more than 3000 too, in addition there are a kind of 79 bull's stations, offer 10 million pieces of frozen semen every year.Having built up centre, the lean meat species pig breeding centre, the cow breeding centre of a national-level poultry breeding,  beed the system after forming the more intact improved variety .
　　(3)Prevent and cure the mechanism to set up tentatively in epidemic situation. The epidemic disease prevention guarantees one of the important work of sound development of the animal husbandry. Under the efforts of the related departments, our country has already had it from central authorities to the epidemic prevention organizations of epidemic disease of beasts and birds at all levels of the villages and towns and epidemic prevention person at village lev,there is about 1 million people's epidemic prevention team of epidemic disease of beasts and birds, nearly 200 animal pharmaceutical factories, produce 2000 more than variety animal remedy of specification, produce nearly 30 billion hair copies of beasts and birds vaccine every year. [⑩]
　　3) The national forestry priority project result : remarkable
　　During the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the Central Party Committee, the State Council made "about Sped up Forestry Development Decision", has established by the ecology construction primarily forestry developmental strategy, implemented the natural forest protection, has taken back from agriculture to the forest and so on.Because of the six big forestry priority projects, the nation [...]

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